Further investigation of the survivability of code technical debt items

Context: Technical Debt (TD) discusses the negative impact of sub-optimal decisions to cope with need-for-speed in software development. Code Items (TDI) are atomic elements TD that can be observed code artefacts. Empirical results on open-source systems demonstrated how code-smells, which just one type TDIs, introduced and "survive" during release cycles. However, little is known about whether survivability code-smells hold for other types TDIs (i.e., bugs vulnerabilities) industrial settings. Goal: Understanding by conducting an empirical study analysing two cases 31 from Apache Foundation. Method: We analysed 133,670 (35,703 systems) detected SonarQube (in 193,196 commits) assess their using models. Results: In general, tend remain linger long periods systems, whereas they removed faster systems. survive over a certain threshold much longer, confirms previous results. Our also suggest faster, while smells vulnerabilities longer.